Descriptive Summary |
|
| Creator: | Alexander, Robert Jackson |
| Title: | Papers |
| Dates: | 1890(1945)-1999 |
| Quantity: | 215 cubic feet (213 records center cartons, 2 newspaper boxes, 1 oversize folder) |
| Collection No.: | MC 974 |
| Location: | Stored offsite: Advance notice required to consult these records. |
| Language | English. |
| Repository: | Special Collections and University Archives, Rutgers University Libraries |
| Note: | Preparation of this finding aid was funded by a grant-in-aid from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission. |
| A microfilm edition of Robert Alexander's interviews is available from at IDC Publishers | |
Robert Jackson Alexander was born on November 26, 1918 in Canton, Ohio. He was the son of Ralph S. Alexander, an instructor and graduate student in economics, and Ruth Jackson Alexander. In 1922, the family moved to Leonia, New Jersey, five miles from New York City where R.S. Alexander had attained a teaching position at Columbia. A daughter, Margaret, was born the following year. R.S. Alexander served as a professor at Columbia's School of Business for thirty-nine years, the last ten of which as Chairman of the Marketing Department.(1)
Robert Alexander attended the public schools in Leonia, graduating from high school in 1936. Like many of his contemporaries, he became politicized during the difficult years of the Depression, joining the Young People's Socialist League in 1934. In the summer of 1936, he traveled to Europe on a graduation trip, making an unauthorized detour to Spain, at that time in the beginning stages of civil war. This expedition was the seed of a lifetime interest in Spain and opposition to Francisco Franco's dictatorship.
Upon his return, Alexander matriculated at Columbia University, receiving a B.A. in 1940. As an undergraduate, he was introduced to Latin America, writing a term paper on organized labor in Argentina as a student of the economist Frank Tannenbaum, who would become his mentor and advisor. Alexander stayed at Columbia another year, completing a Master of Arts degree under Tannenbaum's supervision. In 1941, Alexander got his first job as a wire control clerk at the Aluminum Company of America plant in Edgewater, New Jersey. In January 1942, he joined the Board of Economic Warfare as a junior economist, until April when he was drafted into the United States Air Force. In 1943, Alexander was sent to Great Britain as a group operations clerk with the 95th Bomb Group (H). He remained there for about 25 months, during which time he had the opportunity to travel throughout the country. During this period, Alexander spoke to many trade unionists and took notes on their conversations, a foreshadowing of what would become his trademark interview method of research. Alexander later recorded his experiences in an unpublished manuscript "A Yank's Eye View of Britain." He published a pamphlet entitled What Do You Know About British Labor? in 1946.
Upon demobilization in 1945, Alexander was hired by the Labor Division of the Office of Inter American Affairs as a junior economist. In 1946, he received a grant from the Office of International Exchange of Persons of the State Department that allowed him to spend from July 1946 to August 1947 in South America, collecting material for his Ph.D. dissertation on labor relations in Chile. During this period, he visited virtually all the major factories in the country and conducted hundreds of interviews. Alexander's interview method was unusual in that he asked open-ended questions, essentially letting the subject talk, and that he did not record or take notes during the interview, but wrote and typed it up directly afterwards.(2)Based on this research, Alexander was awarded a Ph.D. in economics from Columbia in 1950.
While in Chile, Alexander obtained a post as an instructor in economics at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Alexander would spend his whole career at Rutgers; he was promoted to assistant professor in 1950, associate professor in 1956, and full professor in 1961. He retired at the rank of Professor II in 1989. In 1949, Alexander married Joan O. Powell, who was also from Leonia and was a graduate of Barnard College. The couple lived first in New Brunswick and then in Piscataway across the river from Rutgers' main campus. They had two children: Anthony, born in 1957, and Margaret in 1960.
Robert Alexander's long career has many aspects–he excelled as a scholar, teacher, writer, documentarian and activist. His research interests can be divided into three areas: the politics, economics and labor relations of Latin America (which he broadly defines as all of the Western Hemisphere south of the United States); Spain, particularly the opposition to Franco; and international radical movements, especially the dissident Right and Left opposition to the Stalinist Comintern and its successors.(3)Robert Alexander's work was interdisciplinary before the term became common. His interests were extremely wide-ranging; within Latin America, he wrote about practically every country at some point. When he started his research in the 1940s, there was little secondary literature about Latin America in English. As well as conducting interviews, Alexander worked to collect as much material as possible on what became his yearly trips to the southern hemisphere. Alexander assembled this material, which included pamphlets, broadsides, periodicals, newspapers, labor contracts, union constitutions, unpublished papers, and other documents into a personal library which, along with his over 10,000 interviews, he made freely available to students and scholars.(4)
This collection, particularly the interviews, became the basis of many of Alexander's scholarly publications. He is the author of thirty-eight books; some of which have gone through several editions and been translated into foreign languages; approximately fifty book chapters, and articles too numerous to count. A complete list of his publications, as of 1991, can be found in John D. French's Robert J. Alexander: The Complete Bibliography of a Pioneering Latin Americanist. Alexander's first book, The Peron Era, was published in 1951. Like his other early books, such as Communism in Latin America (1957), and The Bolivian National Revolution (1958), it was widely reviewed in both the academic and popular press, being extremely timely in a period when Latin America had become one of the battlegrounds of the Cold War. In 1957, the Hon. Charles O. Porter of Oregon called attention to Communism in Latin America in the U.S. Congress, as showing "the need for our Government to foster democracy in Latin America and give the cold shoulder to the dictatorships."(5) Alexander's fourth book, The Struggle for Democracy in Latin America, was written with Porter. Indeed Alexander's early work clearly expresses the politics of the democratic left: although opposed to communism, he condemned U.S. military intervention in Latin America and support for dictatorships, while advocating measures to improve economic and social conditions in the southern part of the hemisphere.
In the 1960s, Alexander wrote Organized Labor in Latin America (1965), which became the standard work in the field; two monographs on Venezuela, and several textbooks. Alexander's work in the 1970s focused more on politics, including Latin American Political Parties (Praeger, 1973) and Aprismo: The Ideas and Doctrines of Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre (Kent State University Press, 1973); as well as publishing biographies of Chilean president Arturo Alessandri (whom Alexander had first met in 1947) and Juan Perón. In 1981, Alexander published a biography of his old friend, Venezuelan president Rómulo Betancourt, who died shortly before the book's publication. Betancourt, who had first met Alexander in Caracas in 1948, described him as "almost an Adéco" (a member of Betancourt's party, Acción Democrática).(6)Alexander published his interviews and correspondence with Betancourt in 1990.
During the 1980s, Alexander was editor and major contributor to two reference books, Political Parties of the Americas, published by the Greenwood Press in 1982, and Biographical Dictionary of Latin American and Caribbean Political Leaders, also by published by Greenwood. In the 1990s, Alexander returned to his earlier interests in international radical movements and Spain, with International Trotskyism (Duke University Press, 1991), International Maoism in the Developing World (1991) and Anarchists in the Spanish Civil War (1999). Five volumes of Alexander's interviews and correspondence with Latin American and Caribbean presidents and prime ministers have also been published.
Robert Alexander's research has been published in academic journals, including Social Research, the Journal of International Affairs, Hispanic American Historical Review, the Journal of Economic History, Labor History, and many others. Beginning in the 1940s, he was a regular contributor on Latin American affairs, Spain, and the labor movement to a variety of newspapers and magazines, including New Leader, The Economist, Canadian Forum, Socialist Call, the Inter American Labor Bulletin (in both English and Spanish), International Free Trade Union News, Socialist International Information, New America (the organ of the Socialist Party/Social Democratic Federation), Freedom at Issue, and Hemispherica (the organ of the Inter-American Association for Democracy and Freedom). Alexander served on the editorial boards of New Politics and Iberica. His articles appeared in translation in La Revue Socialiste (Paris), Die Zukunft (Vienna), and many others. Alexander also frequently contributed articles to the New York Herald Tribune, the Washington Post, and other national newspapers, as well as numerous letters to the editor on Latin American affairs. The breadth of Alexander's journalistic endeavor reflects his clear, accessible writing style, and his desire to educate the public about Latin America. As of 1991, Alexander had published over 250 book reviews, several hundred contributions to yearbooks, dictionaries, and encyclopedias, and eight pamphlets, the earliest of which was a description of the Chicago World's Fair written in 1933.
Alexander collected material for his research through his yearly trips to Latin America. From 1952 to 1959, Alexander traveled under the auspices of the American Federation of Labor and the AFL-CIO, reporting on labor conditions in the countries he visited. Alexander was a supporter of the AFL-CIO's efforts to encourage "democratic," as opposed to communist-influenced trade unions in Latin America. He believed that, overall, the AFL-CIO had a positive impact on labor in the region; for example, by conducting training programs for union leaders and aiding union members who were being persecuted by their governments. (7)In 1957, he spent one month in Bolivia with the Foreign Economic Administration. He also received grants from the State Department, the Ford Foundation, and the Rutgers University Research Council, and served several times as a consultant for the Agency for International Development (AID). Alexander spent the year 1965-1966 doing research in Brazil, visiting 21 of Brazil's 22 states. Through his travels and other connections, Alexander developed a web of contacts which enabled him to interview numerous prominent figures, including the heads of state of many countries in the region. Alexander occasionally found himself caught in the middle of violent upheavals. When revolution broke out in Cuba in 1959, he made a flying trip to Havana during the Rutgers examination period to see what was going on. In 1962, he witnessed a short-lived revolt in the Dominican Republic, where Armed Forces Secretary Pedro Ramón Rodríguez Echeverría attempted to set up a military dictatorship. As he recounted afterward to a local newspaper, "when the shooting started in the main plaza, I happened to be there." During the 48 hours that the military junta was in power, Alexander roamed the streets observing. As he remarked, "The streets were deserted and I walked close to the buildings so I could duck in if anything happened."(8)
In addition to his research interests, Robert Alexander played an active role as a faculty member at Rutgers University. Although a member of the department of economics, he also taught courses in history, political science and labor studies, and supervised numerous M.A. and Ph.D. students in all these subjects. From 1959 to 1961, Alexander participated in a special economics seminar for Argentine students, and in a United States Labor Department program to bring Latin American trade unionists to the U.S., in conjunction with the Institute of Management-Labor Relations at Rutgers. An early advocate of study abroad and exchange programs, Alexander was a founder in 1968 of the Latin American Institute, an interdisciplinary program which included a junior year abroad and a Christmas trip to Mexico.(9)Alexander served the university and his college of affiliation, Rutgers College, on numerous committees. Notably, in 1952-1953, he was a member of the Emergency Committee of Rutgers Faculty which opposed the Rutgers' Trustees decision to dismiss two faculty members who had refused to testify before the Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security on questions related to Communist Party affiliation. In 1962, Alexander was nominated to the American Civil Liberties Union Academic Freedom Committee. He was a member of the Council for Educational Development, which proposed innovation in the curriculum as a way to respond to student unrest on campus; the Military Education Committee, which considered the future of ROTC at Rutgers College; and the Ad Hoc Committee to Study the Reorganization of the Rutgers University Colleges in New Brunswick. He also served on the University Senate, and in 1979-1981 was a non-voting faculty representative to the Board of Governors. In 1984, he was presented with the Outstanding Teacher Award by the Parents Association of Rutgers College.
Robert Alexander was also active in campus politics, particularly as an advocate of academic freedom and faculty rights. In the 1950s, he was one of the founders and an officer of the first faculty union at Rutgers, a local branch of the American Federation of Teachers. In 1968, Alexander was part of an Ad Hoc Committee to Defend the Right to Teach, which protested the firing of ten teachers in the Ocean Hill-Brownsville District in New York and supported the teachers strike.(10)Although he initially supported the Vietnam War and was critical of the more extreme manifestations of student protest, he began to participate in teach-ins against the war in 1970. In the 1970s, Alexander led protests by the Rutgers College faculty against university president Edward Bloustein's attempt to centralize power in the university administration, citing Bloustein for his contempt of faculty, students, and his attacks on the tenure system.(11)
In addition to teaching at Rutgers, Alexander taught part-time at several other universities. He was a visiting professor of political science at Columbia from 1962 to 1963, and at the New School of Social Research in 1964. He taught summer school at Atlanta University in 1949, at the University of Puerto Rico in Rio Piedras in 1958, 1959, 1962 and 1964, and at the Foreign Service Institute, Department of State in the early 1970s.
As well as teaching and doing research, Robert Alexander played an active role in the developing professional academic speciality of Latin American Studies. He served on the Steering Committee of the Consortium of Latin American Studies Programs, a part of the Latin American Studies Association, and on the Latin American Selection Committee of the Foreign Area Fellowship Program and the Economics Selection Committee of the Fulbright Program. From 1989 to 1990, he was president of the Middle Atlantic Council of Latin American Studies, and established its annual periodical, Latin American Essays. Alexander was a frequent speaker at Latin American Studies Association conferences, as well as at those of the American Economics Association, the Southern Economic Association and the American Historical Association. He often took notes on talks by conference participants which he incorporated into his interview files. Notably, Alexander was a member of the Council of Foreign Relations from 1960 onward. His notes on off-the-record meetings provide a valuable record of discussions not published elsewhere.
Robert Alexander's professional activities went far beyond the academic sphere, however. He was what John French has called an "intellectual engagé; a social democratic intellectual convinced, as are others today, that our ideas must speak directly to current problems."(12) As has been seen, since his teen years Alexander was a member of the Socialist Party, serving on its National Executive Committee from 1957 to 1966. He remained a member of its successor, Social Democrats, U.S.A., until 1980, when he left in disillusionment over its increasingly conservative direction. Alexander also served on the Board of Directors of the Rand School of Social Science from 1952 until it closed in 1956. He served on the League of Industrial Democracy's National Council for several years, and was active in Americans for Democratic Action as a delegate to several of its national conventions. Through these activities, Alexander became acquainted with some of the prominent figures of the left, such as Norman Thomas, Max Shachtman, Bayard Rustin, and Michael Harrington.
Robert Alexander was also actively involved in the movement to encourage democracy and condemn U.S. support of totalitarian regimes in Latin America. In the 1960 campaign, Alexander served as a consultant to John F. Kennedy on Latin America problems. In 1961, he was named by president-elect Kennedy to the Task Force on Latin America, which recommended the establishment of the Alliance for Progress. Alexander strongly supported the Alliance's position that economic development and amelioration of poverty were the best means of diffusing communist influence in the hemisphere. In 1950, Alexander was one of the founders of the Inter-American Association for Democracy and Freedom, which also espoused these principles, serving as a member of its North American Committee, and as Chairman of that committee until the organization's demise in 1985. From 1958 to 1966, Alexander served on the Board of Directors of Norman Thomas' Institute for International Labor Research, a research and educational organization which sponsored a political training institute in Central America. (13)
Robert Alexander was frequently consulted by the local newspapers for his views on Latin America. In 1954, he criticized the U.S. intervention in Guatemala, and in 1965, was one of a large group of Latin American specialists to sign a petition condemning U.S. military intervention in the Dominican Republic. In 1976, he visited Paraguay as part of an International League for Human Rights mission, and testified in front of the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives on human rights abuses in that country. Alexander was determined to educate the American public on Latin America, giving frequent talks to women's clubs and college groups, and writing in the popular press. As well as giving public lectures, he was a regular speaker on the Rutgers Report on World Affairs, where he gave fifteen minute radio commentaries which were broadcast over seventeen stations across the state.
Alexander was honored in Latin America for his work. He was a special invité to inaugurations of presidents in Venezuela, Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic. Professor Alexander's greatest honor was received in 1963, when President Victor Paz Estenssoro of Bolivia named him to the Order of the Condor of the Andes, based on his book The Bolivian National Revolution, which explained the Bolivian revolution of 1952 to the American people.
Since 1989, as Professor Emeritus at Rutgers University, Robert Alexander continues to write and teach. The Alexanders still live in their home in Piscataway and now have three grandchildren.
NOTES:
(1)Robert J. Alexander, Four Alexander Families of Wayne County Ohio.(New Brunswick., N.J., 1975), p. 151-162.
(2)Robert J. Alexander,"Reflections on the Use of Interviews as Primary Sources,"Journal of the Rutgers University Libraries 49:1 (June 1987), p. 40-42.
(4)John D. French,Introduction toRobert J. Alexander: The Complete Bibliography of a Pioneering Latin Americanist (Miami, 1995).
(5) Congressional Record Appendix(July 1, 1957).
(6) Sunday Sentinel.East Brunswick, N.J. (February 7, 1982).
(8) New Brunswick Home News(February 4, 1962).
(9) Rutgers Targum(February 25, 1976).
(10)New York Times(September 18, 1968).
(11) Rutgers Targum(November 16, 1977).
(13) W.A. Swanberg,Norman Thomas: The Last Idealist.(New York, 1976), p. 429-451.
The Robert J. Alexander Papers span the period 1890 to 1999, with the bulk dating from 1945 to 1991. They consist of approximately 215 cubic feet of material, comprised by 213 records center cartons, two newspaper boxes, and an oversized folder. About two-thirds of the material is in English, while about one-third is in Spanish and Portuguese, and a small amount is in French and German. The collection is divided into thirteen series, and consists of two types of material: documentation of Rutgers University Professor Robert J. Alexander's life and work, and research materials collected by him. Professor Alexander has retained files documenting labor, mining, housing and transportation in Latin America, communism and Trotkskyism throughout the world, and ethnic groups in the United States in his office. (See Appendix II). Correspondence files have been retained in his home. (See Appendix III). Access to these materials can be arranged through the repository. Professor Alexander's pamphlet and periodical collection is also held by Special Collections and University Archives.
Material documenting Professor Alexander's life and work comprises the series BIOGRAPHICAL FILES, PUBLISHED WORKS, PHOTOGRAPHS, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY FILES, PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES FILES, and MANUSCRIPTS OF WRITINGS. The BIOGRAPHICAL FILES primarily consist of newspaper clippings about Professor Alexander's accomplishments, activities and travels; reviews of his books, a small amount of material about his family, and personal miscellany. His PUBLISHED WORKS include journal, magazine, newspaper and newsletter articles, pamphlets, book chapters, and encyclopedia entries–essentially items that fit into files, as opposed to Professor Alexander's books, which are catalogued individually in the Rutgers University Libraries. Newspaper clippings have been photocopied on to acid-free paper. These files reflect the full spectrum of Professor Alexander's scholarly interests. In addition, this group contains a small amount of material documenting Alexander's career at Rutgers University, where he was employed from 1947 to 1989, and served on a number of committees, particularly concerned with curriculum and academic freedom. This group also contains a small amount of material documenting Alexander's work outside the university, most notably for the International Institute for Labor Research, of which he was a board member. These files document the running of the organization and include correspondence from Institute president Norman Thomas, Costa Rican president José Figueres, and shadowy figure Sacha Volman. Both the RUTGERS UNIVERSITY and PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES FILES include Professor Alexander's copies of meeting minutes. Finally, this group includes typewritten manuscripts of Professor Alexander's books, often in several drafts. Although primarily published works, this series also includes unpublished materials such as his Ph.D. dissertation, autobiographical works and monographs.
The second group, Professor Alexander's collected research materials, which comprises about two-thirds of the collection, includes the series INTERVIEWS, CORRESPONDENCE WITH JAY LOVESTONE, SUBJECT FILES, LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRY FILES, COUNTRY FILES (NON-LATIN AMERICAN), RESEARCH FILES GENERATED BY OTHERS, and COLLECTED THESES, DISSERTATIONS AND UNPUBLISHED PAPERS. Professor Alexander collected a huge amount of material both for his own research and to share with others. Of particular interest is documentation of Latin America, Spain and international leftist movements, Professor Alexander's primary research interests. This group also includes, however, information on practically every country in the world and every subject under the sun.
Most important are the over 10,000 typescripts of interviews conducted by Professor Alexander. He interviewed Latin American political leaders, industrialists, military and religious leaders, union leaders and ordinary citizens, including many women, with a particular focus on left-wing politicians and labor leaders. These interviews provided the basis for Professor Alexander's research. The letters to Jay Lovestone complement the interviews, which also contain Professor Alexander's impressions of the countries he visited. When Jay Lovestone was head of the International Department of the American Federation of Labor during the 1950s, Professor Alexander sent him reports on the countries he visited, describing the economic and political situation and paying particular attention to communist activity in the trade unions. There are no letters from Jay Lovestone to Professor Alexander.
The LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRY FILES are also of great significance. These include practically all the countries and colonies of the Caribbean, Central America, and South America, including English and French as well as Spanish and Portuguese-speaking countries. Types of material include newspaper clippings, press releases, publications, reports, unpublished papers, correspondence and broadsides. Like the interviews, they provided source material for Professor's Alexander's books. Primary subjects documented are agriculture, economics, education, labor relations, religion, military affairs, civil liberties, political parties and relations with the United States. This series contains many rare newsletters and broadsides including clandestine materials. Oversize material can be found in the newspaper boxes and oversize folder. The COUNTRY FILES (NON-LATIN AMERICAN) contain a similar type of material, but are generally of less interest. They primarily consist of clippings, and are not as in-depth, although material on left-wing movements and on the United States is more comprehensive.
The SUBJECT FILES again contain similar formats to those in the country files, but they are organized differently, and possibly date from an early period in Professor Alexander's career. They are organized by subject, rather than by country, although countries appear as sub-headings. The primary subjects documented are labor and socialism, but also included are agriculture, anarchism, commodities, industrialization, trade, investment, women's rights, and many others. This series includes material donated by M. Orans, which Professor Alexander interfiled into his own material. This material chiefly dates from the period 1914 to 1922 and documents international socialist movements. Particularly fragile clippings have been copied on to acid-free paper. Oversize material is again stored separately. The RESEARCH MATERIAL GENERATED BY OTHERS and COLLECTED THESES, DISSERTATIONS AND UNPUBLISHED PAPERS series contain essentially the same type of material which Professor Alexander collected in his other research files, but they have been segregated because of a difference in format. The research material consists of data submitted by two researchers on Brazil, while the theses and dissertations are comprised of bound material which could not be placed into folders.
Do not use names of living United States officials.
| I. BIOGRAPHICAL FILES 1944-1984 .5 cubic feet | |||||||||||
| Arranged alphabetically by heading. | |||||||||||
| Material documenting the life and work of Robert J. Alexander and his family. Document types include diaries, manuscripts, book reviews, broadsides, programs, newspaper and magazine clippings, receipts, programs, and identification cards. | |||||||||||
| Subjects covered include lectures and programs given by Professor Alexander, his views on Latin American politics and economics, and his travels. Of particular interest is Alexander's eyewitness account of a 1962 coup in the Dominican Republic. Although most of the material is on Professor Alexander's Latin-American interests, it also reflects his interests in economic theory, trade, labor relations, left-wing movements, and his activities at Rutgers University. | |||||||||||
| About one-third of the series consists of reviews of Professor Alexander's books. | |||||||||||
| Diaries include an appointment book (1961) and a diary recording impressions of the political scene in Great Britain during a 1948 trip. A file of lecture and theater programs and receipts dates from Professor Alexander's war service in London. | |||||||||||
| Also includes one file of clippings about Professor's Alexander's family. | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 1 | 1 | Appointment Book, 1961 | |||||||||
| 2 | Broadsides, 1954-ca. 1980 | ||||||||||
| 3 | Certificates, Identification Cards and Badges | ||||||||||
| 4-10 | Clippings, 1947-1989 | ||||||||||
| 11 | Clippings--Family Members, 1959-1983 | ||||||||||
| 12 | Diary, ca. 1948 | ||||||||||
| 13 | Lectures and Courses, 1960-1978 | ||||||||||
| 14 | Miscellany, 1951-ca. 1970 | ||||||||||
| 15 | Press Releases, 1951-1984 | ||||||||||
| 16 | Programs--London, 1944-1945 | ||||||||||
| 17 | Radio Broadcasts, 1952-1971 | ||||||||||
| 18 | Responses to Alexander's Writings, 1956-1980 | ||||||||||
| 19 | Reviews: The Perón Era, 1951-1952vb | ||||||||||
| 20 | Reviews: The Perón Era--German Press, 1953-1954 | ||||||||||
| 21 | Book Reviews: Communism in Latin America, 1957-1958 | ||||||||||
| 22 | Reviews: Struggle for Democracy in Latin America, 1961 | ||||||||||
| 23 | Reviews: Prophets of the Revolution, 1962 | ||||||||||
| 24 | Reviews: Communist Party of Venezuela, 1970 | ||||||||||
| 25 | Juan Domingo Perón, 1979 | ||||||||||
| 26 | Reviews: Tragedy of Chile, 1979 | ||||||||||
| 27 | Reviews: Rómulo Betancourt, 1982-1983 | ||||||||||
| 28-29 | Reviews: Miscellaneous, 1942-1983 | ||||||||||
| 30 | Speech--"Communism in Latin America," Undated | ||||||||||
| 31 | Statement of Research Plans, 1968 | ||||||||||
| II. PHOTOGRAPHS 1936-1978 .25 cubic feet | |||||||||||
| Grouped by type and arranged chronologically within each type. | |||||||||||
| Photographs of Robert Alexander, his friends, colleagues, and places visited. All photographs are in black and white except for one color view and are in various sizes. | |||||||||||
| Portraits include Alexander teaching and speaking, South American, Central American and Caribbean leaders such as Rómulo Betancourt, Luis Monge, Michael Manley, and Luis Muñoz Marín, and Alexander's boyhood friends. Group portraits document conferences and meetings in the United States, Europe and Latin America. Views include Bolivia after the 1952 revolution. Several photographs are unidentified. | |||||||||||
| Of particular interest is a photograph of a peasant militia in Bolivia after the 1952 revolution. Also of interest is a photograph of the Ideological Workshop on Social Democracy in Latin America (1978) which includes a number of Latin American political leaders. | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 1 | 32 | Group Portraits--Meetings and Events, 1952-1961 | |||||||||
| 33 | Portraits--Robert Alexander, 1964 and Undated | ||||||||||
| 34 | Group Portraits--Barbados Workers Union Annual Conference and Robert Alexander with Michael Manley, 1970 | ||||||||||
| 35 | Group Portraits--Friedrich Ebert Foundation Conference, Badgodesburg, Germany, 1960s | ||||||||||
| 36 | Group Portraits--Meetings--Unidentified | ||||||||||
| 37 | Group Portraits--Meetings and Events, 1971-1978 and Undated | ||||||||||
| 38 | Group Portraits--Seminar, Undated | ||||||||||
| 39 | Portraits--Rómulo Betancourt, ca. 1980 | ||||||||||
| 40 | Portraits--Friends, 1936 | ||||||||||
| 41 | Views--Bolivia--Cochabamba, ca. 1954 | ||||||||||
| 42 | Views--Latin America, Unidentified | ||||||||||
| III. PUBLISHED WORKS, 1946-1980 1.5 cubic feet | |||||||||||
| Grouped by format. Articles are arranged alphabetically by journal title within the article format group. Other format groups are arranged chronologically. | |||||||||||
| Published work written by Robert J. Alexander. Document types include magazine, journal, newspaper, and newsletter articles, pamphlets, book chapters, encyclopedia entries, book reviews, published conference papers and proceedings, published reports, and letters to the editor. | |||||||||||
| Documents full spectrum of Professor Alexander's scholarly interests: Latin America, left-wing political movements, economic theory, trade policy, labor movements and labor relations. Alexander often participated in printed colloquiums with other scholars, reflecting the state of New Left scholarly thought in the 1950s and 1960s. Professor Alexander wrote in both English and Spanish. Many of his articles were translated into Portuguese, French, or German. | |||||||||||
| Includes copies of Professor Alexander's regular articles for The Canadian Forum, The Economist, Freedom at Issue, Janata (an Indian socialist newspaper), New Leader, New America, Inter-American Labor Bulletin, International Free Trade Union News, Socialist International Information, and Socialist Call. He was also a frequent contributor to Current History and New Politics. Alexander's articles appeared in some unusual venues including the Oberlin College student paper, The Activist, and Barn, a Welsh-language journal. In 1957, he wrote a regular column on labor relations for Ingenieria Internacional Industria, a Spanish-language engineering trade magazine. | |||||||||||
| He frequently published articles in Latin-American and U.S. newspapers, including letters to the editor of the New York Times. | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 1 | 43 | Articles--The Activist, 1964 | |||||||||
| 44 | Articles--American Federationist, 1952-1953 | ||||||||||
| 45 | Articles--Barn (Wales), 1971 | ||||||||||
| 46 | Articles--The Canadian Forum, 1946-1957 | ||||||||||
| 47 | Articles--Challenge, 1960-1961 | ||||||||||
| 48 | Articles--Current History, 1953-1965 | ||||||||||
| 49 | Articles--The Economist, 1952-1957 | ||||||||||
| 50 | Articles--Foreign Policy Bulletin, 1952-1961 | ||||||||||
| 51 | Articles--Freedom at Issue, 1972-1974 | ||||||||||
| 52 | Articles--Hammer and Tongs, 1957-1958 | ||||||||||
| 53 | Articles--Humanismo, 1955 | ||||||||||
| 54 | Articles--Iberica, 1954 and 1964 | ||||||||||
| 55 | Articles--Ingeniería Internacional Industria, 1957 | ||||||||||
| 56 | Articles--Institute of Social Science Bulletin, 1955 | ||||||||||
| 57 | Articles--Janata, 1951-1963 | ||||||||||
| 58 | Articles--Journal of International Affairs, 1955-1961 | ||||||||||
| 59 | Articles--Journals: American Journal of Economics and Sociology-Europa Archiv, 1958-1961 | ||||||||||
| 60 | Articles--Journals: Foreign Affairs-Latin American Problems, 1949-1973 | ||||||||||
| 61 | Articles--Journals: Phylon-Viertel Jahres Berichte, 1949-1973 | ||||||||||
| 62 | Articles--Journals: Texas Quarterly, 1972 | ||||||||||
| 63 | Articles--Labor and Nation, 1951 and Modern Review, 1949 | ||||||||||
| 64-65 | Articles--New America, 1961-1974 | ||||||||||
| 66 | Articles--New Leader, 1949-1955 | ||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 2 | 1-2 | Articles--New Leader, 1956-1962 | |||||||||
| 3-4 | Articles--New Politics, 1961-1973 | ||||||||||
| 5-6 | Articles--Newsletters--Inter-American Labor Bulletin, 1950-1962 | ||||||||||
| 7 | Articles--Newsletters--Miscellaneous, 1953-1962 | ||||||||||
| 8 | Articles--Newsletters--International Free Trade Union News, 1952-1958 | ||||||||||
| 9 | Articles--Newsletters--[International] AFL-CIO Free Trade Union News, 1963-1974 | ||||||||||
| 10 | Articles--Newsletters--Socialist International Information, 1955-1963 | ||||||||||
| 11 | Articles--Político, 1959-1961 | ||||||||||
| 12 | Articles--Problems of Communism, 1955-1961 | ||||||||||
| 13 | Articles--The Progressive, 1950, 1953 and 1960 | ||||||||||
| 14 | Articles--Programa, 1952-1953 and Undated | ||||||||||
| 15 | Articles--La Revue Socialiste, 1955-1965 and Undated | ||||||||||
| 16-17 | Articles--The Socialist Call, 1949-1962 | ||||||||||
| 18-19 | Articles--Various, 1947-1969 and Undated | ||||||||||
| 20 | Articles--Die Zukunft, 1954-1964 | ||||||||||
| 21 | Book Chapters, 1955-1977 | ||||||||||
| 22-31 | Book Reviews, 1949-1973 | ||||||||||
| 32-34 | Conference Papers, 1960-1973 | ||||||||||
| 35 | Conference Proceedings, 1970-1971 | ||||||||||
| 36 | Encyclopedia Articles, 1962-1973 | ||||||||||
| 37 | Letters to the Editor, 1952-1980 | ||||||||||
| 38 | Memoranda, 1967 and Undated | ||||||||||
| 39-45 | Newspaper Articles, 1940s-1974 | ||||||||||
| 46 | Pamphlets, 1946-1950 | ||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 3 | 1 | Pamphlets, 1952-1960 | |||||||||
| 2 | Reports, 1963 and Undated | ||||||||||
| 3 | Textbook--Latin America, 1964 | ||||||||||
| IV. RUTGERS UNIVERSITY FILES, 1952-1974 .3 cubic feet | |||||||||||
| Grouped alphabetically by heading and thereunder chronologically. | |||||||||||
| Documentation of committee work and other activities in which Robert Alexander was involved as a professor at Rutgers University. Document types include minutes, agendas, correspondence, statements, reports, and writings. | |||||||||||
| Includes documentation of academic freedom cases (1952-1967); the Council for Educational Development (1969-1971); a special economics seminar for Argentine students (1959-1961); the Military Education Committee (1968); and a history of the Rutgers College economics department written by Professor Alexander. | |||||||||||
| Of particular interest is documentation of the Emergency Committee of Rutgers Faculty (1952-1953), set up in response to the Rutgers trustees' decision to dismiss Simon W. Heimlich and Moses I. Finley, two faculty members who refused to testify before the Senate Subcommittee on Internal Security on questions related to Communist Party affiliation. | |||||||||||
| The Council for Educational Development was a faculty committee which proposed innovations in the curriculum such as independent study courses, interdisciplinary courses and exchange programs; as well as considering ways to respond to the student unrest on campus. The Military Education Committee considered the status of the ROTC program and its relationship to the Rutgers College curriculum. | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 3 | 4-6 | "A History of the Economics Department of Rutgers College," 1974 | |||||||||
| 7-8 | Academic Freedom, 1952-1967 | ||||||||||
| 9-10 | Council for Educational Development, 1969-1971 | ||||||||||
| 11 | Economics Seminar for Argentine Student Leaders, 1959-1961 | ||||||||||
| 12-14 | Military Education Committee, 1968 | ||||||||||
| 15 | Miscellaneous Documents, 1987-1988 | ||||||||||
| V. PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES FILES, 1958-1988 .4 cubic feet | |||||||||||
| Grouped alphabetically by heading and thereafter chronologically. | |||||||||||
| Documentation of professional organizations and activities in which Professor Alexander was involved outside of his Rutgers University activities. Document types include correspondence, minutes, reports, budgets, telegrams and press clippings. | |||||||||||
| Includes documentation of the Alliance for Progress Study Group (a sub-group of the International Study Group on Freedom and Democracy which focused on Latin American policy); and the American Civil Liberties Union Academic Freedom Committee, for which Alexander was nominated in 1962. The largest group of material, however, documents the International Institute for Labor Research, Inc. (1958-1965), of which Alexander was a board member. | |||||||||||
| Files on the International Institute for Labor Research document discussion of the policies, structure and funding of the organization; its publication and educational programs; personnel and other internal issues; and events leading to the dissolution of the organization in 1966. Most of the material concerns the institute's programs in Latin America, namely the Institute for Political Education in Costa Rica, the Inter-American Center for Political Training in the Dominican Republic and the Centro de Estudios y Documentación in Mexico. Important correspondents include Costa Rican president José Figueres, institute president Norman Thomas, and secretary Sacha Volman. | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 3 | 16 | Alliance for Progress Study Group (Dreier Group), 1962-1963 | |||||||||
| 17-18 | American Civil Liberties Union, 1962-1964 | ||||||||||
| 19-34 | Institute of International Labor Research, Inc., 1958-1965 and Undated | ||||||||||
| 35 | Miscellaneous Correspondence, 1988 | ||||||||||
| VI. CORRESPONDENCE WITH JAY LOVESTONE, 1954-1959 3 folders | |||||||||||
| Arranged chronologically. | |||||||||||
| Carbon copies of letters describing conditions in Latin America written by Robert Alexander to Jay Lovestone when Lovestone was head of the International Department of the American Federation of Labor and later the AFL-CIO. | |||||||||||
| Letters are long and detailed, and apparently were sent with copies of Alexander's interviews enclosed. All the letters have a similar format: Alexander describes the general political and economic situations, the outlook towards international affairs, the trade unions, and finally makes recommendations about how to counter communist influence in the labor unions. The majority of the letters focus on individual countries, but some describe two or more. Countries include Argentina, Barbados, Bolivia, Brazil, British Guiana, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Peru, Puerto Rico, Surinam, Trinidad and Uruguay. | |||||||||||
| Of particular interest is Alexander's description of his visit to Guatemala in January 1954, shortly before the U.S. government's intervention in that country. Alexander describes communist domination of the unions and the absence of a viable democratic leftist party. Also of interest is Alexander's description of a revolt attempt in Buenos Aires in June 1956 and the repressive measures that followed it. | |||||||||||
| Alexander made two trips to Cuba in 1959. In January, he commented on the relationships between different factions after the fall of Fulgencio Batista, and the ascendancy of Fidel Castro's 26 July movement. He also discusses the military trials which were taking place, the influence of communism in the trade unions, and attitudes toward the international labor movement. In July, Alexander describes changes made by the Castro government, communist infiltration of the 26 July movement, and agrarian reform. Castro, Alexander writes, "is certainly not a Communist." | |||||||||||
| Other subjects discussed include the Frondizi government's attempt to implement free-market policies in Argentina in 1959 and the building of the new Brazilian capital, Brasilia. | |||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| 1 | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 3 | 36-38 | 1954-1959 | |||||||||
| VII. INTERVIEWS, 1947-1994 7.5 cubic feet | |||||||||||
| Arranged alphabetically by country. | |||||||||||
| Notes on interviews conducted by Robert J. Alexander. Almost all are typed, but also includes a few handwritten pages on which he based the typescripts. Primarily concerned with South America, Central America, and the Caribbean, also including discussion of North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Interviews are filed by the country or region discussed, rather than the place that the interview was held or the nationality of the speaker. Primarily documents the political and economic situation in each country, with a focus on labor relations. Other subjects discussed include foreign policy, military affairs, religion, education, and urban planning. Includes interviews with many prominent Latin American leaders including presidents, cabinet ministers, party leaders, presidents of corporations, and union leaders. Many individuals were in exile when Alexander interviewed them. He also interviewed many women–both professionals and wives of prominent men–and ordinary citizens such as taxi drivers, waiters, and chambermaids. Included are many interviews with academics and students. Some individuals were interviewed several times over the 45-year time span. | |||||||||||
| Alexander classified earlier interviews by the occupation of the individual–employers, politicians, etc. Some are classified as foreign observers. Later interviews are classified simply by country and date. Some of these later interviews are actually rough transcriptions of what people said at conferences or other meetings attended by Alexander. | |||||||||||
| Of particular interest in the United States files are numerous interviews with U.S. communists, socialists, and Trotskyites. Also of interest are a group of interviews with Robert Alexander's father, R.S. Alexander, about his early life. | |||||||||||
| Interviews classified as "general" or "Miscellaneous" cover a number of countries or regions, or focus on general issues such as trade. | |||||||||||
| Also includes Alexander's observations of countries he visited. | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 4 | 1-7 | Africa, 1954-1993 | |||||||||
| 8-9 | Anguilla, 1969-1986 | ||||||||||
| 10 | Anguilla--Observations, 1969-1970 | ||||||||||
| 11-12 | Antigua, 1969-1970 | ||||||||||
| 13-23 | Argentina, 1947-1995 | ||||||||||
| 24 | Argentina--Business Men and Employers, 1954-1978 | ||||||||||
| 25 | Argentina--Government Officials, 1959-1963 | ||||||||||
| 26 | Argentina--Observations, 1955, 1956, 1966, 1968 | ||||||||||
| 27 | Argentina--Politicians--Communists and Trotskyites, 1954-1958 | ||||||||||
| 28 | Argentina--Politicians--Dissident Socialists--Muniz Faction, etc., 1959-1978 | ||||||||||
| 29-30 | Argentina--Politicians--Foreign Observers, 1952-1976 | ||||||||||
| 31 | Argentina--Politicians--Peronistas, 1958-1960 | ||||||||||
| 32 | Argentina--Politicians--Radicals, 1954-1959 | ||||||||||
| 33 | Argentina--Politicians--Various, 1950-1976 | ||||||||||
| 34-35 | Argentina--Politicians--Socialists, 1941-1977 | ||||||||||
| 36-37 | Argentina--Trade Unionists--Buenos Aires, 1954-1968 | ||||||||||
| 38 | Argentina--Trade Unionists--Interior, 1956-1978 | ||||||||||
| 39 | Argentina--Trade Unionists--Mendoza, 1956 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 4 | 40 | Asia--General, 1953-1966 | |||||||||
| 41 | Asia--Miscellaneous, 1957-1988 | ||||||||||
| 42 | Australia/New Zealand, 1958-1994 | ||||||||||
| 43 | Bahamas, 1957 and 1979 | ||||||||||
| 44 | Bahamas--Observations, 1956, 1965, 1969 and 1970 | ||||||||||
| 45 | Barbados--Interviews, 1950s | ||||||||||
| 46-48 | Barbados, 1960-1993 | ||||||||||
| 49 | Belize, 1980-1985 and 1995 | ||||||||||
| 50 | Bermuda, 1979-1980 and 1995 | ||||||||||
| 51-55 | Bolivia, 1954-1994 | ||||||||||
| 56 | Bolivia--Agrarian Reforms, 1953, 1957 and 1963 | ||||||||||
| 57 | Bolivia--Employers, Businessmen, and Managers, 1950, 1953 and 1962 | ||||||||||
| 58 | Bolivia--Foreign Observers, 1952-1975 | ||||||||||
| 59 | Bolivia--Government Officials, 1948, 1951, 1953, 1960, 1962, 1963, 1969 and 1977 | ||||||||||
| 60 | Bolivia--Labor Leaders, 1952, 1953, 1957, 1959 and 1963 | ||||||||||
| 61 | Bolivia- Politicians, 1953, 1957, 1960, 1962, 1967, 1969 and 1978 | ||||||||||
| 62 | Brazil, 1956-1975 | ||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 5 | 1-2 | Brazil, 1975-A~Z | |||||||||
| 3-7 | Brazil, 1977-1995 | ||||||||||
| 8 | Brazil--Agriculture (Agrarian Reform), 1965 and 1966 | ||||||||||
| 9 | Brazil--Associação Commercial, 1965-1966 | ||||||||||
| 10 | Brazil--Banker and Bank Officials, 1956-1966 | ||||||||||
| 11-13 | Brazil--Businessmen and Employers, 1956-1966 | ||||||||||
| 14 | Brazil--Catholic Labor Groups, and Miscellaneous Labor, 1954-1966 | ||||||||||
| 15 | Brazil--Employers: Sindicatos, Federations and Con-Federations, 1956 | ||||||||||
| 16 | Brazil--Doctors, 1956 and 1966 | ||||||||||
| 17-18 | Brazil--Interviews--Economics 1950s-1960s | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 5 | 19-23 | Brazil--Foreign Observers, 1951- 1977 | |||||||||
| 24 | Brazil--Interviews--Literati, 1958, 1962, 1965 and 1966 | ||||||||||
| 25 | Brazil--Journalists, 1956-1970 | ||||||||||
| 26 | Brazil--Judges, 1956, 1965 and 1966 | ||||||||||
| 27 | Brazil--Military and Police, 1965-1966 | ||||||||||
| 28-31 | Brazil--Observations, 1953-1966 | ||||||||||
| 32 | Brazil--Observations and Interviews, 1971 | ||||||||||
| 33 | Brazil--Partido Democrata Cristão (PDC), 1959-1965 | ||||||||||
| 34 | Brazil--Political Scientists & Historians, 1965, 1966 and 1970 | ||||||||||
| 35 | Brazil--Politicians--Communist Party (PCB), 1965 | ||||||||||
| 36 | Brazil--Politicians--Miscellaneous, 1956-1966 | ||||||||||
| 37 | Brazil--Politicians--Partido de Representação Popular (PRP), 1956-1965 | ||||||||||
| 38 | Brazil--Partido Socialista do Brasil (PSB), 1956-1967 | ||||||||||
| 39 | Brazil--Partido Social Democratico (PSD), 1965-1966 | ||||||||||
| 40 | Brazil--Politicians--Partido Socialista Popular (PSP), 1956 | ||||||||||
| 41 | Brazil--Politicians--Partido Trabalhista Brasileiro (PTB), 1956-1966 | ||||||||||
| 42 | Brazil--Politicians--União Democratica Nacional (UDN), 1961-1966 | ||||||||||
| 43-44 | Brazil--Interviews--Professors, Teachers, etc. 1950s-1960s | ||||||||||
| 45 | Brazil--Publishers, 1963, 1965 and 1966 | ||||||||||
| 46 | Brazil--Religious--Catholic, 1965 and 1966 | ||||||||||
| 47 | Brazil--Religious Interviews--Non Catholic, 1956, 1963, 1965 and 1966 | ||||||||||
| 48 | Brazil--SENAI and SESI and SESCI, 1956-1965 | ||||||||||
| 49 | Brazil--Sociologists and Anthropologists, 1956, 1962, 1965, 1966, 1970 and 1976 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 5 | 50-51 | Brazil--State and Municipal Government Officials, 1956-1966 | |||||||||
| 52 | Brazil--Students, 1962 and 1969 | ||||||||||
| 53 | Brazil--SUDENE, SPUEA, State Economic Development Groups, SENAC, 1956 and 1966 | ||||||||||
| 54 | Brazil--Theaters, Movies, Art, etc., 1959 and 1965 | ||||||||||
| 55 | Brazil--Trade Unionists--Bahia, 1956-1962 | ||||||||||
| 56 | Brazil--Trade Unionists--Minas Gerais and Brasilia, 1956 | ||||||||||
| 57 | Brazil--Trade Unionists--North & Northeast, 1956-1966 | ||||||||||
| 58 | Brazil--Trade Unionists--Parana, St. Catarina Rio Grande Do Sul, 1956-1965 | ||||||||||
| 59 | Brazil--Trade Unionists--Rio de Janeiro & Espirito Santo, 1956-1965 | ||||||||||
| 60 | Brazil--Trade Unionists--São Paulo, 1956-1968 | ||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 6 | 1 | British Honduras--Interviews, 1962-1967 | |||||||||
| 2 | British Honduras--Observations, 1967 | ||||||||||
| 3 | British Virgin Islands, 1979 | ||||||||||
| 4 | Burma, 1957-1988 | ||||||||||
| 5 | Caribbean--General, 1979-1989 | ||||||||||
| 6-10 | Canada, 1951-1996 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 6 | 11 | Cayman Islands, 1967 and 1980 | |||||||||
| 12-13 | Chile, 1956-1969 | ||||||||||
| 14-16 | Chile, 1971, A~Z | ||||||||||
| 17-19 | Chile, 1972-1974 | ||||||||||
| 20-22 | Chile, 1974-1975, A~Z | ||||||||||
| 23-27 | Chile, 1975-1994 | ||||||||||
| 28 | Chile--Agrarian Reform, 1963 | ||||||||||
| 29 | Chile--Employers--North, 1956 | ||||||||||
| 30 | Chile--Employers (Santiago), 1956-1961 | ||||||||||
| 31 | Chile--Employers--Valparaiso, 1956 | ||||||||||
| 32 | Chile--Foreign Observers, 1952-1971 | ||||||||||
| 33 | Chile--Government Officials, 1950-1968 | ||||||||||
| 34 | Chile--Observations, 1946-1966 | ||||||||||
| 35 | Chile--Politicians--Christian Democrats, 1959-1980 | ||||||||||
| 36 | Chile--Politicians--Conservatives, 1962 | ||||||||||
| 37 | Chile--Politicians--Miscellaneous, 1950-1980 | ||||||||||
| 38 | Chile--Politicians--Radicals--Democratic, 1958-1970 | ||||||||||
| 39 | Chile--Politicians--Socialists, 1948-1978 | ||||||||||
| 40 | Chile--Religious, 1961, 1963 and 1980 | ||||||||||
| 41 | Chile--Trade Unionists--North, 1956 and 1960 | ||||||||||
| 42 | Chile--Trade Unionists (Santiago), 1949-1959 | ||||||||||
| 43 | Chile--Trade Unionists--Valparaiso, 1956 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 6 | 44-48 | China, 1954-1989 | |||||||||
| 49-50 | Colombia, 1948-1996 | ||||||||||
| 51 | Colombia--Businessmen & Employers, 1948, 1949 and 1963 | ||||||||||
| 52 | Colombia--Foreign Observers, 1951 and 1970 | ||||||||||
| 53 | Colombia--Observations, 1970 | ||||||||||
| 54 | Colombia--Politicians, 1948-1970 | ||||||||||
| 55 | Colombia--Trade Unionists, 1948-1970 | ||||||||||
| 56-59 | Costa Rica, 1948-1994 | ||||||||||
| 60 | Costa Rica--Employers, 1948, 1953 and 1959 | ||||||||||
| 61 | Costa Rica--Foreign Observers, 1952 and 1970 | ||||||||||
| 62 | Costa Rica--Labor, 1948-1976 | ||||||||||
| 63 | Costa Rica--Observations, 1952 and 1967 | ||||||||||
| 64-68 | Cuba, 1951-1996 | ||||||||||
| 69 | Cuba--Businessmen & Employers, 1959 and 1961 | ||||||||||
| 70-71 | Cuba--Foreign Observers, 1948-1979 | ||||||||||
| 72 | Cuba--Government Officials, 1952-1979 | ||||||||||
| 73 | Cuba--Observations, 1959 | ||||||||||
| 74-76 | Cuba--Politicians, 1952-1970 | ||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 7 | 1 | Cuba--Trade Unionists, before 1959 | |||||||||
| 2 | Cuba--Trade Unionists, after 1959 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 7 | 3 | Curacao--Interviews, 1958 | |||||||||
| 4 | Dominica--Interviews, 1969 | ||||||||||
| 5 | Dominica--Observations, 1969 | ||||||||||
| 6-12 | Dominican Republic, 1949-1996 | ||||||||||
| 13 | Dominican Republic--Foreign Observers, 1957-1979 | ||||||||||
| 14 | Dominican Republic--Government Officials, 1949-1970 | ||||||||||
| 15 | Dominican Republic--Labor, 1949-1970 | ||||||||||
| 16 | Dominican Republic--Observations, 1962-1970 | ||||||||||
| 17 | Dominican Republic--Politicians--Partido Revolucionario Dominicano (PRD), 1952-1977 | ||||||||||
| 18 | Dominican Republic--Politicians--Partido Revolucionario Social Cristiano (PRSC), 1962-1976 | ||||||||||
| 19 | Dominican Republic--Politicians--Union Civica Nacional (UCN), 1962 | ||||||||||
| 20 | Dominican Republic--Politicians--Vanguardia Revolucionaria Dominicana (VRD), 1958-1962 | ||||||||||
| 21 | Dominican Republic--Politicians--Various, 1958-1962 | ||||||||||
| 22 | Dominican Republic--Solidarity Meeting with Partido Revolucionario Dominicano, 1978 | ||||||||||
| 23-24 | East Asia, 1982-1994 | ||||||||||
| 25-30 | Eastern Europe, 1953-1996 | ||||||||||
| 31-32 | Ecuador, 1952-1989 | ||||||||||
| 33 | Ecuador Trip, 1975 | ||||||||||
| 34-36 | El Salvador, 1948-1994 | ||||||||||
| 37 | El Salvador--Observations, 1967 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 7 | 38-42 | Europe, 1958-1994 | |||||||||
| 43-45 | European Trip, 1964 | ||||||||||
| 46-47 | France, 1957-1984 | ||||||||||
| 48 | French Guiana, 1956-1979 | ||||||||||
| 49 | General--Decade of Change Conference, 1973 | ||||||||||
| 50 | General--Foreign Policy, 1982-1985 | ||||||||||
| 51-52 | Germany, 1953-1984 | ||||||||||
| 53 | Grenada, 1969 | ||||||||||
| 54-59 | Great Britain, 1943-1991 | ||||||||||
| 60 | Greece, 1955-1994 | ||||||||||
| 61 | Grenada--Observations, 1969 | ||||||||||
| 62 | Grenada, 1983-1987, 1989 and 1995 | ||||||||||
| 63-64 | Guadeloupe, 1969-1983 | ||||||||||
| 65 | Guadeloupe--Observations, 1969 | ||||||||||
| 66 | Guatemala, 1964-1975 | ||||||||||
| 67 | Guatemala, 1982-1994 | ||||||||||
| 68 | Guatemala--Agrarian Reforms, 1948-1967 | ||||||||||
| 69 | Guatemala--Employers, 1948-1967 | ||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 8 | 1 | Guatemala--Foreign Observers, 1953-1980 | |||||||||
| 2 | Guatemala--Government Officials and Miscellaneous, 1948-1978 | ||||||||||
| 3 | Guatemala--Labor, 1948-1967 | ||||||||||
| 4 | Guatemala--Observations, 1967 | ||||||||||
| 5 | Guatemala--Politicians, 1948-1980 | ||||||||||
| 6-7 | Guyana, 1965-1995 | ||||||||||
| 8 | Guyana--Observations, 1956-1970 | ||||||||||
| 9-12 | Haiti, 1948-1994 | ||||||||||
| 13 | Haiti--Observations, 1952 | ||||||||||
| 14 | Haiti--Observations and Interviews, 1971 | ||||||||||
| 15 | Honduras, 1963-1989 | ||||||||||
| 16 | Honduras--Observations, 1967 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 8 | 17-19 | India, 1953-1996 | |||||||||
| 20 | Italy, 1957-1976 and 1984 | ||||||||||
| 21-24 | Jamaica, 1947-1989 | ||||||||||
| 25 | Jamaica--Observations, 1967-1971 | ||||||||||
| 26 | Korea, 1958-1973 and 1989 | ||||||||||
| 27 | Japan, 1957-1968, 1989 and 1992 | ||||||||||
| 28-36 | Latin America--General, 1948-1994 | ||||||||||
| 37-38 | Latin America--Foreign Observers, 1964-1971 | ||||||||||
| 39-40 | Latin America--Observations, 1964-1975 | ||||||||||
| 41 | Latin American Studies Association, 1968 | ||||||||||
| 42 | Leeward and Windward Islands--Observations, 1969 | ||||||||||
| 43 | Martinique--Interviews, 1958-1969 | ||||||||||
| 44 | Martinique--Observations, 1969 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 8 | 45-48 | Mexico, 1948-1996 | |||||||||
| 49 | Mexico--Agrarian Reform, 1948-1963 | ||||||||||
| 50 | Mexico--Employers and Businessmen, 1948-1963 | ||||||||||
| 51 | Mexico--Foreign Observers, 1953-1980 | ||||||||||
| 52 | Mexico--Government Officials, 1963-1978 | ||||||||||
| 53 | Mexico--Observations, 1963-1971 | ||||||||||
| 54 | Mexico--Petroleum, 1963 | ||||||||||
| 55 | Mexico--Politicians--Communists and Trotskyites, 1954-1971 | ||||||||||
| 56 | Mexico--Politicians--Miscellaneous 1948-1963 | ||||||||||
| 57 | Mexico--Politicians--Partido Acción Nacional (PAN), 1963 | ||||||||||
| 58 | Mexico--Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI)- Politicians, 1951-1970 | ||||||||||
| 59 | Mexico--Religion, 1953-1963 | ||||||||||
| 60 | Mexico--Trade Unions--CROM, CGT, CPN and Independent, 1948-1963 | ||||||||||
| 61 | Mexico--Trade Unionists--Confederación de Trabajadores de Mexico (CTM), 1948-1971 | ||||||||||
| 62 | Mexico--Trade Unionists--Confederación Revolucionaria de Obreros y Campesinos (CROC), 1963 | ||||||||||
| 63 | Mexico--Trade Unionists--Miscellaneous, 1948-1971 | ||||||||||
| 64 | Mexico Trip, 1975 | ||||||||||
| 65-68 | Middle East, 1953-1996 | ||||||||||
| 69-70 | Miscellaneous, 1962-1994 | ||||||||||
| 71 | Montserrat--Interviews, 1969 and 1979 | ||||||||||
| 72 | Montserrat--Observations, 1969 and 1979 | ||||||||||
| 73 | Netherlands Antilles, 1983-1992 | ||||||||||
| 74 | Nicaragua, 1953-1964 | ||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 9 | 1-5 | Nicaragua, 1967-1992 | |||||||||
| 6 | Nicaragua--Observations, 1967 | ||||||||||
| 7 | Pakistan/Bangladesh, 1957-1994 | ||||||||||
| 8-10 | Panama, 1952-1993 | ||||||||||
| 11 | Panama--Observations, 1967 | ||||||||||
| Reel | |||||||||||
| Box | Folder | ||||||||||
| 9 | 12-13 | Paraguay, 1954-1995 | |||||||||
| 14 | Paraguay--Foreign Observers, 1954-1977 | ||||||||||
| 15 | Paraguay--Indian Affairs, 1976 | ||||||||||
| 16 | Paraguay--Observations, 1976 | ||||||||||
| 17 | Paraguay--Politicians--Colorados, 1976 | ||||||||||
| 18 | Paraguay--Politicians--Liberals, 1963-1976 | ||||||||||
| 19 | Paraguay--Politicians--Miscellaneous, 1959-1978 | ||||||||||
| 20 | Paraguay--Political Prisoners, 1976 | ||||||||||
| 21 | Paraguay--Religion, 1965-1976 | ||||||||||
| 22 | Peru, 1964-1995 | ||||||||||
| 28 | Peru--Foreign Observers, 1953-1970 | ||||||||||
| 29 | Peru--Observations and Interviews, 1971 | ||||||||||
| 30 | Peru--Trade Unionists, 1954-1963 | ||||||||||
| 31 | Peru--Politicians- Apristas, 1956-1969 | ||||||||||